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Amazon S3 对象存储Java API操作记录（Minio与S3 SDK两种实现）

缘起

今年(2023年) 2月的时候做了个适配Amazon S3对象存储接口的需求，由于4月份自学考试临近，一直在备考就拖着没总结记录下，开发联调过程中也出现过一些奇葩的问题，最近人刚从考试缓过来顺手记录一下。

S3对象存储的基本概念

S3是什么？

Amazon S3(Simple Storage Service)对象存储出现得比较早且使用简单的RESTful API，于是成为了对象存储服务(Object Storage Service，OSS)业内的标准接口规范。

S3的逻辑模型

如下图，我们可以把S3的存储空间想象成无限的，想存储一个任意格式的文件到S3服务中，只需要知道要把它放到哪个桶(Bucket)中，它的名字（Object Id）应该是什么。

按图中的模型，可简单理解为S3是由若干个桶（Bucket）组成，每个桶中包含若干个不同标识的对象（Object），还有就是统一的访问入口(RESTful API)，这样基本就足够了。

Minio客户端方式操作S3

详细API文档：https://min.io/docs/minio/linux/developers/java/API.html

以下代码异常处理做了简化，真实使用时请注意捕获异常做处理。

引入依赖

Maven:

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.minio</groupId>
    <artifactId>minio</artifactId>
    <version>8.5.2</version>
</dependency>

Gradle:

dependencies {
    implementation("io.minio:minio:8.5.2")
}

初始化客户端

private static final String HTTP_PROTOCOL = "http";

private MinioClient minioClient;
private String endpoint = "http://192.168.0.8:9200";
private String accessKey = "testKey";
private String secretKey = "testSecretKey";

public void init() throws MalformedURLException {
    URL endpointUrl = new URL(endpoint);
    try {
        // url上无端口号时，识别http为80端口，https为443端口
        int port = endpointUrl.getPort() != -1 ? endpointUrl.getPort() : endpointUrl.getDefaultPort();
        boolean security = HTTP_PROTOCOL.equals(endpointUrl.getProtocol()) ? false : true;
        //@formatter:off
        this.minioClient = MinioClient.builder().endpoint(endpointUrl.getHost(), port, security)
            .credentials(accessKey, secretKey).build();
        //@formatter:on
        // 忽略证书校验，防止自签名证书校验失败导致无法建立连接
        this.minioClient.ignoreCertCheck();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

建桶

public boolean createBucket(String bucket) {
    try {
        minioClient.makeBucket(MakeBucketArgs.builder().bucket(bucket).build());
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

删桶

public boolean deleteBucket(String bucket) {
    try {
        minioClient.removeBucket(RemoveBucketArgs.builder().bucket(bucket).build());
        logger.info("删除桶[{}]成功", bucket);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

判断桶是否存在

public boolean bucketExists(String bucket) {
    try {
        return minioClient.bucketExists(BucketExistsArgs.builder().bucket(bucket).build());
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

上传对象

public void upload(String bucket, String objectId, InputStream input) {
    try {
        //@formatter:off
        minioClient.putObject(PutObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucket).object(objectId)
                              .stream(input, input.available(), -1)
                              .build());
        //@formatter:on
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

下载对象

提供两个下载方法，一个将输入流返回，另一个用参数输出流写出

public InputStream download(String bucket, String objectId) {
    try {
        return minioClient.getObject(GetObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucket).object(objectId).build());
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
}

public void download(String bucket, String objectId, OutputStream output) {
    //@formatter:off
    try (InputStream input = minioClient.getObject(
        GetObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucket).object(objectId).build())) {
        IOUtils.copyLarge(input, output);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    //@formatter:on
}

删除对象

public boolean deleteObject(String bucket, String objectId) {
    //@formatter:off
    try {
        minioClient.removeObject(RemoveObjectArgs.builder()
                                 .bucket(bucket).object(objectId).build());
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    //@formatter:on
    return true;
}

判断对象是否存在

public boolean objectExists(String bucket, String key) {
    //@formatter:off
    try {
        // minio客户端未提供判断对象是否存在的方法，此方法中调用出现异常时说明对象不存在
        minioClient.statObject(StatObjectArgs.builder()
                               .bucket(bucket).object(key).build());
    } catch (Exception e) {
        return false;
    }
    //@formatter:on
    return true;
}

完整代码

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.IOUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import io.minio.BucketExistsArgs;
import io.minio.GetObjectArgs;
import io.minio.MakeBucketArgs;
import io.minio.MinioClient;
import io.minio.PutObjectArgs;
import io.minio.RemoveBucketArgs;
import io.minio.RemoveObjectArgs;
import io.minio.StatObjectArgs;

public class S3MinioClientDemo {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(S3MinioClientDemo.class);
    private static final String HTTP_PROTOCOL = "http";

    private MinioClient minioClient;
    private String endpoint = "http://192.168.0.8:9200";
    private String accessKey = "testKey";
    private String secretKey = "testSecretKey";

    public void init() throws MalformedURLException {
        URL endpointUrl = new URL(endpoint);
        try {
            // url上无端口号时，识别http为80端口，https为443端口
            int port = endpointUrl.getPort() != -1 ? endpointUrl.getPort() : endpointUrl.getDefaultPort();
            boolean security = HTTP_PROTOCOL.equals(endpointUrl.getProtocol()) ? false : true;
            //@formatter:off
            this.minioClient = MinioClient.builder().endpoint(endpointUrl.getHost(), port, security)
                    .credentials(accessKey, secretKey).build();
            //@formatter:on
            // 忽略证书校验，防止自签名证书校验失败导致无法建立连接
            this.minioClient.ignoreCertCheck();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public boolean createBucket(String bucket) {
        try {
            boolean found = minioClient.bucketExists(BucketExistsArgs.builder().bucket(bucket).build());
            if (found) {
                logger.info("桶名[{}]已存在", bucket);
                return false;
            }
            minioClient.makeBucket(MakeBucketArgs.builder().bucket(bucket).build());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return true;
    }

    public boolean deleteBucket(String bucket) {
        try {
            minioClient.removeBucket(RemoveBucketArgs.builder().bucket(bucket).build());
            logger.info("删除桶[{}]成功", bucket);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    public boolean bucketExists(String bucket) {
        try {
            return minioClient.bucketExists(BucketExistsArgs.builder().bucket(bucket).build());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }

    public void upload(String bucket, String objectId, InputStream input) {
        try {
          //@formatter:off
          minioClient.putObject(PutObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucket).object(objectId)
                     .stream(input, input.available(), -1)
                     .build());
          //@formatter:on
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public InputStream download(String bucket, String objectId) {
        try {
            return minioClient.getObject(GetObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucket).object(objectId).build());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    public void download(String bucket, String objectId, OutputStream output) {
        //@formatter:off
        try (InputStream input = minioClient.getObject(
                GetObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucket).object(objectId).build())) {
            IOUtils.copyLarge(input, output);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //@formatter:on
    }

    public boolean objectExists(String bucket, String objectId) {
        //@formatter:off
        try {
            // minio客户端未提供判断对象是否存在的方法，此方法中调用出现异常时说明对象不存在
            minioClient.statObject(StatObjectArgs.builder()
                    .bucket(bucket).object(objectId).build());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return false;
        }
        //@formatter:on
        return true;
    }

    public boolean deleteObject(String bucket, String objectId) {
        //@formatter:off
        try {
            minioClient.removeObject(RemoveObjectArgs.builder()
                    .bucket(bucket).object(objectId).build());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //@formatter:on
        return true;
    }

    public void close() {
        minioClient = null;
    }

}

Amazon S3 SDK方式操作S3

官方API文档：https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/Welcome.html

这里由于项目上提供的SDK和文档都是1.x的，这里就暂时只提供1.x的代码

引入依赖

Maven:

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.amazonaws</groupId>
    <artifactId>aws-java-sdk-s3</artifactId>
    <version>1.11.300</version>
</dependency>

Gradle:

dependencies {   
    implementation 'com.amazonaws:aws-java-sdk-s3:1.11.300'
}

初始化客户端

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(S3SdkDemo.class);

private AmazonS3 s3client;
private String endpoint = "http://192.168.0.8:9200";
private String accessKey = "testKey";
private String secretKey = "testSecretKey";

public void init() throws MalformedURLException {
    URL endpointUrl = new URL(endpoint);
    String protocol = endpointUrl.getProtocol();
    int port = endpointUrl.getPort() == -1 ? endpointUrl.getDefaultPort() : endpointUrl.getPort();

    ClientConfiguration clientConfig = new ClientConfiguration();
    clientConfig.setSignerOverride("S3SignerType");
    clientConfig.setProtocol(Protocol.valueOf(protocol.toUpperCase()));

    // 禁用证书检查，避免https自签证书校验失败
    System.setProperty("com.amazonaws.sdk.disableCertChecking", "true");
    // 屏蔽 AWS 的 MD5 校验，避免校验导致的下载抛出异常问题
    System.setProperty("com.amazonaws.services.s3.disableGetObjectMD5Validation", "true");
    AWSCredentials awsCredentials = new BasicAWSCredentials(accessKey, secretKey);
    // 创建 S3Client 实例
    AmazonS3 s3client = new AmazonS3Client(awsCredentials, clientConfig);
    s3client.setEndpoint(endpointUrl.getHost() + ":" + port);
    s3client.setS3ClientOptions(S3ClientOptions.builder().setPathStyleAccess(true).build());
    this.s3client = s3client;
}

建桶

public boolean createBucket(String bucket)  {
    String bucketName = parseBucketName(bucket);
    try {
        if (s3client.doesBucketExist(bucketName)) {
            logger.warn("bucket[{}]已存在", bucketName);
            return false;
        }
        s3client.createBucket(bucketName);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return true;
}

删桶

public boolean deleteBucket(String bucket)  {
    try {
        s3client.deleteBucket(bucket);
        logger.info("删除bucket[{}]成功", bucket);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

判断桶是否存在

public boolean bucketExists(String bucket)  {
    try {
        return s3client.doesBucketExist(bucket);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return false;
}

上传对象

public void upload(String bucket, String objectId, InputStream input)  {
    try {
        // 创建文件上传的元数据
        ObjectMetadata meta = new ObjectMetadata();
        // 设置文件上传长度
        meta.setContentLength(input.available());
        // 上传
        s3client.putObject(bucket, objectId, input, meta);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

下载对象

public InputStream download(String bucket, String objectId)  {
    try {
        S3Object o = s3client.getObject(bucket, objectId);
        return o.getObjectContent();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
}

public void download(String bucket, String objectId, OutputStream out)  {
    S3Object o = s3client.getObject(bucket, objectId);
    try (InputStream in = o.getObjectContent()) {
        IOUtils.copyLarge(in, out);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

删除对象

public boolean deleteObject(String bucket, String objectId)  {
    try {
        s3client.deleteObject(bucket, objectId);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

判断对象是否存在

public boolean existObject(String bucket, String objectId)  {
    try {
        return s3client.doesObjectExist(bucket, objectId);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

完整代码

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.IOUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.amazonaws.ClientConfiguration;
import com.amazonaws.Protocol;
import com.amazonaws.auth.AWSCredentials;
import com.amazonaws.auth.BasicAWSCredentials;
import com.amazonaws.services.s3.AmazonS3;
import com.amazonaws.services.s3.AmazonS3Client;
import com.amazonaws.services.s3.S3ClientOptions;
import com.amazonaws.services.s3.model.ObjectMetadata;
import com.amazonaws.services.s3.model.S3Object;

/**
 * S3对象存储官方SDK实现
 *
 * @author ZhangChenguang
 * @date 2023年2月2日
 */
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public class S3SdkDemo {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(S3SdkDemo.class);

    private AmazonS3 s3client;
    private String endpoint = "http://192.168.0.8:9200";
    private String accessKey = "testKey";
    private String secretKey = "testSecretKey";
    
    public void init() throws MalformedURLException {
        URL endpointUrl = new URL(endpoint);
        String protocol = endpointUrl.getProtocol();
        int port = endpointUrl.getPort() == -1 ? endpointUrl.getDefaultPort() : endpointUrl.getPort();

        ClientConfiguration clientConfig = new ClientConfiguration();
        clientConfig.setSignerOverride("S3SignerType");
        clientConfig.setProtocol(Protocol.valueOf(protocol.toUpperCase()));

        // 禁用证书检查，避免https自签证书校验失败
        System.setProperty("com.amazonaws.sdk.disableCertChecking", "true");
        // 屏蔽 AWS 的 MD5 校验，避免校验导致的下载抛出异常问题
        System.setProperty("com.amazonaws.services.s3.disableGetObjectMD5Validation", "true");
        AWSCredentials awsCredentials = new BasicAWSCredentials(accessKey, secretKey);
        // 创建 S3Client 实例
        AmazonS3 s3client = new AmazonS3Client(awsCredentials, clientConfig);
        s3client.setEndpoint(endpointUrl.getHost() + ":" + port);
        s3client.setS3ClientOptions(S3ClientOptions.builder().setPathStyleAccess(true).build());
        this.s3client = s3client;
    }

    public boolean createBucket(String bucket)  {
        try {
            s3client.createBucket(bucket);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return true;
    }

    public boolean deleteBucket(String bucket)  {
        try {
            s3client.deleteBucket(bucket);
            logger.info("删除bucket[{}]成功", bucket);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
    
    public boolean bucketExists(String bucket)  {
        try {
            return s3client.doesBucketExist(bucket);
        } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return false;
    }

    public void upload(String bucket, String objectId, InputStream input)  {
        try {
            // 创建文件上传的元数据
            ObjectMetadata meta = new ObjectMetadata();
            // 设置文件上传长度
            meta.setContentLength(input.available());
            // 上传
            s3client.putObject(bucket, objectId, input, meta);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public InputStream download(String bucket, String objectId)  {
        try {
            S3Object o = s3client.getObject(bucket, objectId);
            return o.getObjectContent();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    public void download(String bucket, String objectId, OutputStream out)  {
        S3Object o = s3client.getObject(bucket, objectId);
        try (InputStream in = o.getObjectContent()) {
            IOUtils.copyLarge(in, out);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public boolean existObject(String bucket, String objectId)  {
        try {
            return s3client.doesObjectExist(bucket, objectId);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }

    public boolean deleteObject(String bucket, String objectId)  {
        try {
            s3client.deleteObject(bucket, objectId);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    public void close()  {
        s3client = null;
    }
}

遇到的问题

1、bucket名称必须是小写，不支持下划线

  • 处理方式：写方法转换下bucket名称，将大写转小写，将下划线替换为中划线。

2、minio客户端下载非官方S3存储的文件时，如果响应头的Content-Length与实际文件大小不符，会导致minio客户端包装的okhttp3报错

报错信息：

Caused by: java.net.ProtocolException: unexpected end of stream
        at okhttp3.internal.http1.Http1ExchangeCodec$FixedLengthSource.read(Http1ExchangeCodec.java:430) ~[okhttp-3.14.9.jar:?]
        at okhttp3.internal.connection.Exchange$ResponseBodySource.read(Exchange.java:286) ~[okhttp-3.14.9.jar:?]
        at okio.RealBufferedSource$1.read(RealBufferedSource.java:447) ~[okio-1.17.2.jar:?]
        at com.jiuqi.nr.file.utils.FileUtils.writeInput2Output(FileUtils.java:83) ~[nr.file-2.5.7.jar:?]
        at com.jiuqi.nr.file.impl.FileAreaServiceImpl.download(FileAreaServiceImpl.java:395) ~[nr.file-2.5.7.jar:?]
        ... 122 more

抓包发现问题的图：

最终换成了S3官方SDK可用了。

PS：客户现场部署的S3是浪潮公司提供的，如果现场遇到这个情况，就不要固执去找对方对线了，完全没用。。

总结

S3存储的基本操作就记录到这里了，由于没有S3存储就没尝试官方SDK的V2版本，由于这些代码是总结时从业务代码里抽取出来的，可能会有点问题，但大体思路已经有了。

希望对读者有所用处，觉得写得不错和有帮到你，欢迎点个赞，您的支持就是我的鼓励！